Can a Country Carry the Death Penalty Against a Foreign National? How Saudi Arabia Weaponizes Its Legal System Against Migrant Workers
In October 2026, Saudi Arabia executed two Bangladeshi nationals in Mecca. Their embassy found out from the news. This article examines how Saudi Arabia systematically violates VCCR Article 36, CAT Article 15, and Arab Charter Article 6 in capital cases involving migrant workers — and why the international legal system has largely failed to stop it.
Three Research Pillars
Examine how legal systems across nations converge, diverge, and shape global governance. From constitutional design to comparative private law.
Explore the legal frameworks governing transboundary rivers, freshwater rights, and the UN Watercourses Convention in an era of climate crisis.
Analyse the architecture of the international legal order — from treaty-making and state responsibility to the jurisprudence of the ICJ.
Every article is peer-reviewed against the highest standards of legal reasoning and academic integrity.
Legal knowledge should be free. All research is published without paywalls, forever.
We cover 15 specialised fields spanning all major branches of international and comparative law.
Recent Research
Latest peer-reviewed publications
Declaring Bankruptcy in Bangladesh: Can You Get Debt Relief?
The Bankruptcy Act 1997 provides a statutory pathway to discharge, but in 26 years only 533–638 petitions have ever been filed. This article examines the legal framework, the Artha Rin Adalat conflict, corporate insolvency under the Companies Act 1994, and the proposed Insolvency and Bankruptcy Ordinance 2025.
Law of Armed Conflict and International Humanitarian Law: A Comprehensive Legal Analysis
The Geneva Conventions of 1949 represent the most universally ratified treaty regime in history. This analysis examines IHL's core principles — distinction, proportionality, necessity, and humanity — conflict classification, the IHL–IHRL interface, enforcement through international tribunals, and contemporary challenges posed by autonomous weapons systems and cyber operations.
Alternative Dispute Resolution in Common Law Countries: A Legislative Review
The Centre for Effective Dispute Resolution reported a 92% mediation settlement rate in England and Wales. Between Churchill v Merthyr Tydfil [2023], the CPR 2024 amendments, and the Arbitration Act 2025, common law systems have shifted from encouraging ADR to mandating it. This legislative review traces that evolution and examines the tensions between compulsion, access to justice, and norm development.
Arbitration and English Commercial Law: A Student's Guide to the 2025 Reforms and Beyond
England hosts roughly 5,000 arbitrations per year, contributing an estimated GBP 2.5 billion to the national economy. The Arbitration Act 2025, which came into force on 1 August 2025, is the most significant reform in three decades. This guide covers the statutory framework, separability, Kompetenz-Kompetenz, Section 69 appeals, the AA 2025 reforms, confidentiality, enforcement, and London's global competitive position.
Remedies for Constitutional Crisis: A Comparative Guide to Restoring the Rule of Law
Most constitutional crises do not arrive with tanks in the streets. They arrive with legislation, judicial appointments, and procedural maneuvers. This comparative guide examines judicial, legislative, electoral, constitutional design, and civil society remedies across India, South Korea, Brazil, Poland, Hungary, and Israel — and explains why no single remedy suffices.
Sections 122A and 122B of the Transfer of Property Act 1882: Bangladesh's 2026 Amendment on Lifetime Usufruct and Heba
Bangladesh's 2026 amendment to the Transfer of Property Act 1882 inserted Sections 122A and 122B, creating a statutory framework for gifts with lifetime usufruct retention. This article examines the corpus-usufruct split mechanism, the irrevocability regime under Section 122B, the classical Heba doctrine and the ayn-manafi distinction, and the savings clause that preserves Muslim personal law alongside the new statutory route.
Key Cyber Acts That Shape Your Digital Life
A plain-language guide to the most important cyber acts worldwide — CFAA, HIPAA, GDPR, CIRCIA, and more — covering what triggered each law, what rights it gives you, and what is changing in 2026.
Why Is the Constitution the Supreme Law of the Land?
A doctrinal analysis of Article VI's Supremacy Clause — from the collapse of the Articles of Confederation through judicial review, preemption doctrine, and the anti-commandeering limits that define federal supremacy today.
Audi alteram partem
Hear the other side
A foundational principle of natural justice
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Lex Research is an open-access journal dedicated to advancing scholarship in international and comparative law. Founded by Lamia Akhter, every article is peer-reviewed, freely accessible, and written to inform practitioners, scholars, and citizens alike.